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Beginner Guides

New to crypto? Start here. Friendly, jargon-free guides covering the essentials of Web3, blockchain, and digital assets.

65 guides available
Easy

How software.ai became tradeable tokens: fractional domain ownership on Doma

Doma lets you split a traditional internet domain into thousands of tradeable tokens. This guide explains exactly how fractionalization works and why…

#doma#fractionalization#domain-tokens#domainfi
7 min readRead →
Easy

The Modular Blockchain Thesis: Why Splitting One Chain Into Layers Changes Everything

Explains why blockchains are being broken into specialised layers instead of doing everything on one chain. Covers the four core functions, how modula…

#modular-blockchains#layer-2#data-availability#blockchain-scaling
7 min readRead →
Easy

Ethereum Rollups Explained: How Optimistic and ZK Rollups Actually Differ

A clear comparison of Ethereum's two rollup types — how each one works, their real tradeoffs, and what those differences mean for you as a user.

#ethereum#rollups#layer-2#scaling
7 min readRead →
Easy

FIFO vs HIFO: How Your Cost Basis Method Changes What You Owe in Crypto Tax

Your cost basis method determines which coins you're 'selling' on paper — and that directly changes your tax bill. This guide explains FIFO and HIFO c…

#crypto taxes#cost basis#FIFO#HIFO
6 min readRead →
Easy

Are NFTs Securities? What the Howey Test Actually Means for Token Owners

Whether an NFT qualifies as a security depends on how it's sold, not what it is. This guide breaks down the legal framework so you can assess real ris…

#nft-law#securities-regulation#howey-test#sec-enforcement
7 min readRead →
Easy

How Wormhole Actually Moves Assets Between Blockchains: Architecture Explained

A clear breakdown of how Wormhole's bridge works — Guardians, VAAs, and wrapped tokens. After reading, you'll understand what happens to your assets a…

#wormhole#bridges#cross-chain#architecture
7 min readRead →
Easy

How MakerDAO Brought Real-World Assets Into DeFi — And Why It Changed Everything

How MakerDAO uses real-world assets like US Treasury bills to back its stablecoin DAI. Why this matters for DeFi's connection to traditional finance.

#makerdao#real-world-assets#dai#defi
7 min readRead →
Easy

How Reentrancy Attacks Drain Smart Contracts — Mechanics, Examples, and Defenses

Reentrancy is the most exploited smart contract vulnerability in crypto history. This guide explains exactly how it works, why it keeps happening, and…

#smart-contract-security#reentrancy#ethereum#solidity
6 min readRead →
Easy

How zkSync Era Actually Works: Architecture from Deposit to Proof

A complete walkthrough of zkSync Era's internal architecture — how transactions move, get proved, and settle on Ethereum. After reading, you'll unders…

#zksync#layer-2#zk-rollups#ethereum-scaling
8 min readRead →
Easy

How Staking APY Is Actually Calculated — And Why Most Numbers You See Are Wrong

Explains exactly how staking APY is derived from protocol rewards, compounding, and validator economics. After reading, you can evaluate any quoted AP…

#staking#APY#proof-of-stake#yield
7 min readRead →
Easy

How DeFi Lending Actually Works: Aave, Compound, and Morpho Compared

How lending protocols let you earn yield or borrow against crypto, and how Aave, Compound, and Morpho differ in design. Understand the tradeoffs so yo…

#defi#lending#aave#compound+1
7 min readRead →
Easy

How Solana's Proof of History Actually Works — and Why It Matters for Speed

A clear explanation of Proof of History: what it does, how it differs from other consensus approaches, and why it lets Solana process transactions so…

#solana#proof-of-history#consensus#blockchain-architecture
7 min readRead →